Marine turbine.



W. FRITZ.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICATION rum) MAY17,1911.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

entire @TATS WALTER FRITZ, 01 BERLIN, Cl-EEtMrllt'Y.

MARINE TURBINE.

Specification of Letters latent.

'lla'l'ian t ed at p t". 133th hit 3.

Application filed May 17, 1911. Serial No. 627,783.

1b all whom '1' i may concern Be it known that I, VVAt/rna Farm, engineer, a subject of the lerman Emperor, and residing at Berlin, Germany, have in -ant d certain new and useful Improvements in Marine Turbines, of "which the following is a spi'reitieation.

My invention relates to marine turbines in which the axial thrust is relieved.

It is well-known in connection with high pressure marine turbines of the drum type that the axial thrust due to the steam acting on the blades, it entirely exerted in one direction, greatly exceeds the propeller thrust. Various proposals have been made for balancing the thrust, ineluding the use of dummy pistons, and forward [low of strain over a portion of the drum, and in eonnretion with turbines for other than marine purposes it is usual to balance or partly balance the thrust by having a high pressure and a, lower pressure over Whirh the rttfllll flows in o'm'iosite directions. llut in runner tion with marine engines. where there is an astern turbine in the same easing with the ahead turbine. this latter arraiug'enieut has the disadvantage that there must be at least one stuiling box, capable oi withstanding high pressure, iruiceessihle in the interior of the casing (for the first stage oi either the ahead 0 astern turbine). l or oflioirnt working the use of lalrvrinth packing is indicated, and considerablc'loss of steam is involved by the comparatively large clearonce which experience has shown to be necessary with internal stalling boxes for lightly built marine turbines.

An important object of my invention is to obviate this disadvantage and to enable both the high pressure stulliup: boxes for the first stages of the ahead and astern turbines to he external and easily renewable, and therotore designed with small olearanre involving much less loss of steam than a labyrinth packing placed under similar eonditions inside the casin To this end I provide at least three ahead turbine drums, whereof two are acted on by steam flowing aster-n, thethird being acted on by steam flowing forward, the pressures and diameters being so proportioned that the propeller thrust and the collective thrust of the drums are wholly or partly balanced, and the relative arrangement 0' the three drama or stages being; sueh that high pressure hurl-ting it only required at the end of the easing the internal rewiring having to \rltllE-dl'illtl only eoiu niratirely low pressure. The astrrn turbine may he of similar or tlill'erent l sion l igure l n loup itiulinul ur 'rtionul view of a turbine minno one lorxu o my invention. Fin: 2 is a similar vie-u tilillh tltt'llllj; another form (it my inwnlioin Referring in the lh'st plat-r to t, a is the main inlet wluuu-e the. r-alyuo arts on the blades of the first drum or strum: .7). It will be understood that the latter my be subdivided, that is to say thrr may he a plurality ol rotors I in ."Gil'l b. hroui the drum b the strain llows through a irliaunol (x to the seeoud stage. or tll'lllll if over which it flows in the opposite dirortiou. and thence through rhauuel u to the ihinl llllill f, over Wlllt'li it flows in tho suuudirot-lion as over the drum It is an es ential rharurterislio oi this alrantrrnuiull that the drums o and Ill are trarersrtl in tw'll'ltn. The drums are so prop'orlionotl that their *osirluui aziial thrust is approximate y equal to the propeller thrust, but oppo tely direohul, so that there is but slight prih-zsuro on the thrust (-ollars y). The stutling box 1 sub ieI-il to the highest pressure. is outside the rasingn and easily accessible 'lluslulliup hoi'us x! and 2' inside the rasiug are sub irot to uuufh, luullrl pressure (lill'eronorsl and the lllblr of st am through them is, therefore, only small. The astern turbine in, open to the raruuni chainher A: and exhaust is suruiliod with steam at 'n, so that the parking for the lirst stage of the asl't-rn turbine is also at the end of the easing.

In the ease ol largzjr nu-rizw (\lhjllU'H it is usual to have separate high prr uro and low pressure rasingm the loo pm we (asing containing un ahead and an astrru turlllllO, an axially movable rlulrh bring): l'requeutly provided llt'lWliLil the rasin gi-i. lnasuuu'h as the propeller thrust rauuol be transmitted by this oluhli ll prefer. in rilllfill an arrangement, to hare two drums in the high pressure easing. traversed in opposite (lireotions by steam. so as to nearly halanee each other, the pressure on the ahead drum in the low pressure rasingg being proportioned and directed so as to partly or Wholly balunre the propeller thrust in this arrangementthe higrh prosnu'o parhin rs are also at the ends; of tilt ruuioos as will be seen by rt new to l ip. E or tilt thawing. i A i I i H" w oteani rain the pain (1, l, r u, hows 1n i posia diiiiftm-ait" drums band alin the high pressure casing, so that there is *practically no thrust from the high ressureshaft to the thrust bearing -p.- fter flowing through .the'pipe e the steam-flows astern over the low pressure drum f, the axial'thrust of which nearly balances the propeller thrust, so that, there'is but slight pressure at the thrust-bearing g. The axiall'y movable clutch '1' allows of adjusting end play of the high and low pressure shafts, withont additional strains on the thrust collars. p and g. The arrangement of the astern turbine m is the same as in Fig. l.

The internal stuffing-box h of small diaihe- ,ter is subject .to only comparatively small pressure difi'erence, the high pressure stufiing boxes g, 2' 2' and 0 being external and, easily accessible. 7 v

Iclaimz- .1 1. In a marine turbine engine, the combination with a shaft, ofthree ahead turbine, drums on the shaft, an astern drum on the shaft, a casing having two inlets, an exhaust and channels for causing steam flowin astern to act on two of the ahead turbine. drums and steam flowing ahead to act on the third ahead drum and on the astern drum, "the first stages of the ahead and the astern drums being at the ends of the tur- I bine engine.

2. A thrust neutralizing marine turbine construction comprising in combination, a V series of three ahead turbines with thehigh.

stantially as described.

pressure turbine Df the series disposed for ward and the intermediate and low pressure turbines disposed successively rearward, guiding means causing the steam to traverse the intermediate turbines in a direction reverse to the direction of flow through the high and low'pressure turbines, an astern turbine in the rear of the low pressure turtermediate turbine in a direction reverse to the direction of flow, through the high and low pressure turbines, and a l astern turbine in'the rear of the low pressure turbine and having a steam flow in a direction reversev to the astern thrust'of the propeller, sub- Intestimony whereofd have signed my \name to this specification in the presenceof tvgo- Witnesses.

' WALIER FRITZ.

Witnesses:

WoLonMAri HAUPT HENRY HAsrER. 

